For my summer class this semester we explored different concepts of how language, text, and culture are often all connected. We explored the value and the history behind all three concepts. For my final project, I would like to interview and create a podcast to understand what it was like growing up for people outside of my generation. And much like the readings, we had read for this class I began to understand the importance of the preservation of languages and cultures. These stories were special to the people that I had interviewed. But without the availability to record their ideas and their stories no one else would have known about these thoughts and concepts about Technology, Language, and Culture.
Our assignment was to take Harvard’s Implicit Association Test (IAT). The series of tests was to see if you have certain associations or stereotypes. Each of the tests came with a word associated to the “E” key or the “I” key. Then you would go through seven different phases of the test. Through the middle of the test the associations would flop between the two categories.
I started with the Age IAT, my results were:
“Your responses suggested a moderate automatic preference for Young people over Old people.”
When I was taking the test it was fine in the beginning when it was going through photos. I had particularly hard time at first because I didn’t really get the hang of it and took too slow. Eventually going through the other tests I was a little quicker. But I also found that being quick caused more mistakes in the end after the two category associations had swapped. It was hard to remember that the categories had moved so sometimes I would default to the original answers. I also just automatically started associating the words with the pictures, which is where I think that’s where it changes the answers.
The results I had expected was more neutral than a “moderate automatic preference for Young people” I was shocked to find out that I had that kind of preference because I usually don’t really discriminate between the two groups. I was pretty confident that I wouldn’t prefer one group over the other but it also could have been because after the flip I was going through the tests much quicker.
I think the most important experience I can take away from taking the IAT is to be more aware of these conditions. I can say I don’t have any personal biases and stereotypes but everyone in some kind of way still have them. Being aware of these could make you more cautious in the future though. Especially in a day and age where we are seeing more awareness and progression in trying to end stereotyping. It’s great to know that you can try to be more knowledgeable in these topics. To conclude about my experience, it is pretty easy to see how we might just stereotype one category over the other. The test had grouped positive words with younger people and negative people with older people. But now I am more educated on myself and I can better myself for the future
For class we were told to find five artifacts that best represented ourselves. The following is written about the items I have chosen and why they are important to me now or in the past and how I believe they will be useful for me in the future.
My laptop has been the most important artifact for me because all of my past projects have been stored on this device. I’ve used this laptop since high school and it’s had most of my important graphic design projects as well as Computer Science coding projects. I like being able to collect stickers from places I previously traveled to and represent it on the back of my laptop case. My laptop used to be where I would watch videos but now it holds a higher importance because it’s how I attend classes. In the future I think it probably won’t hold as much importance as it does now. It’s an old laptop and has been through plenty of sleepless nights. I might think of upgrading it to a lighter laptop but it’s helped me every step of my college career to shape who I am today.
This puzzle was gifted to me from my mother as a going away gift before I left for college. This item holds more of a sentimental value to it because I used to build puzzles with her when I was little. I enjoy the idea of traveling and exploring new places so I felt like this best represented my love for adventure. I want to be able to eventually travel and visit new countries and experience different cultures and I think this puzzle does a great job of reminding me to explore the area more. Hopefully I can plan out a trip after graduation.
The third item I chose was my calculator. I think it best represents my creativity. I like being able to paint as a way to relieve myself from stress. The painting was inspired by a watercolor print I had came across on Pinterest. My calculator is just as important for school math classes now, however, I don’t know what use I will have for it in the future. I enjoy being able to feel like math is less intimidating with the calmness of the painting I created on the cover of the calculator.
The fourth item I chose was my dad’s old Nikon film camera. I always thought it was cool that we still had it around and it had inspired me to get more into photography. My parents eventually gifted me a digital camera and I a took photography class. Having a camera has let me explore being able to take a photo and creatively manipulate it for different projects. I think photography will stay with me because I love using photography to document trips and create new projects.
The last item I chose was my water bottle. I never leave the house without it. I used to carry around it with me everywhere on campus when walking from class to class. Health is important to me and having a water bottle with me reminds me that I need to drink water throughout the day. I’ll continue to use this water bottle probably even after college, since it also represents the college that I’m from.
Our generation does most of our shopping now virtually, through websites and online vendors and everything can be purchased and delivered to us in a click of a button. But what if we could do the same with our money? Cryptocurrency works a lot like stocks where a user can buy and then eventually sell their purchase of cryptocurrency back onto the market. However, like most things when it comes to technology as beta as this, will it catch on or crash? As a generation who’s focused more online, our privacy is already being invaded. So would this threaten our privacy even more? Having to switch our currency being from only online to now not being a physical form. But having digital currency isn’t new, in fact before 2008 was there were multiple attempts in creating a digital currency, credit card companies creating ways to have your cards digitally.
Technology always links to the word privacy and our fear of whether or not technology will be secure enough to protect it. While Cryptocurrency isn’t a physical form of currency, many fear that this is also a way our data can be leaked. To start with, in order to have Bitcoins or to exchange them you must have a “wallet application” using your fingerprint. Even though Bitcoins is said to be anonymous you’re still giving out information like your fingerprint when you confirm the transactions. Greenfield talks about how data is essentially compiled facts. By leaving information from a bitcoin integration we are essentially leaving a data footprint; a collection of facts containing what we were doing and when. Buy owning Bitcoins you are also allowing for companies to access this data much like Facebook. From what I understand is that Cryptocurrency still poses a threat to privacy of the users, especially if it is asking for physical data to verify the transaction. With a generation basically all online, information like this isn’t hard to hack or leak to the general public. So in many ways, there could be room for improvements or updates to this new way of money. As for now, I still don’t think we have caught on to using only Cryptocurrency, and most of it can be a threat to having more cybercrimes.
There are different controversies linked with having Cryptocurrency. In Ed Finn’s What Algorithms Want and Adam Greenfield’s Radical Technologies both talk about the implementations of Cryptocurrency. Both use the popular example of Bitcoins although now the examples of Cryptocurrency is now growing. Finn argues that the use of Bitcoins is now more “mainstream” and how companies can start seeing more in “programmable money”. He also goes into how Bitcoins can be more popular if more people use the digital currency. However, Bitcoin hasn’t been that mainstream yet, Greenfield argues that Bitcoins “has never been all that useful”. A digital form of money that is currently mainstream is Venmo (Sraders). The company Venmo is one of the mainstream companies in charge of creating an app to allow people to make micro transaction of cash. Like bitcoin, Venmo isn’t physical it is all digital, but due to the demand in wanting a physical form of money. Venmo started a debit card program, instead of transferring the Venmo balance to your bank, you keep it in your Venmo account and just spend from there. (Welch). Nothing is safe when comes to online usage and money, there are still plenty of targeted scams towards users. In fact, companies that use this way of transaction still try their best to protect your data.
The value of consumption is the exchange market that is dependent on it’s own users. Bitcoin is a fluctuating market much like how gold’s value drops and raises in price. Bitcoins are known to have a specific value instead of having a set price to it and a design value as well has an effect on Bitcoins. In comparison U.S money is determined by the exchange rate. (Forbes). From what I understand it is only entirely dependent on the market rather than a set price for Bitcoins as well. Much like the basics of Economy, if there is a rise in demand the price is higher, and if there is a lower demand than the item becomes cheaper. There is also the dependency on how much information a coin can store, that is what sets the the value amount.If a Bitcoin can’t hold enough storage or information then the demand for that coin usually goes down.
In conclusion, the popularity of this type of currency seems to slowly become mainstream as there’s more cryptocurrency types. Especially with the use of companies like Venmo or Paypal it may become more popular to have that kind of service also be used with Cryptocurrency. Which in turn, makes Bitcoins rise when the demand is higher and more popular. It is possible that like Christian Pulver mentions about Marx’s theory in capitalism, this theory could also apply to cryptocurrency. Because there is a limited regulation on what can and can’t be done with the company. Capitalism reliant on the idea that the more people buy the better it will be for the buyers and the best product will ultimately rise to the top. The same could probably go towards cryptocurrency with amount of variations there are on the market, companies could go with a capitalistic approach. As for now, personally I wouldn’t jump in to invest in Bitcoins so soon, at least not until there is a more secure version and more knowledge.
Resources:
Brown, Chalmers. “The Value of Cryptocurrency Today And What The Future Might Hold.” Forbes, Forbes Magazine, 25 Aug. 2017, www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2016/04/13/the-value-of-cryptocurrency-today-and-what-the-future-might-hold/#780e0e1a2e90.
Finn, Ed. What Algorithms Want. The MIT Press, 2017.
Greenfield, Adam. Radical Technologies: The Design of Everyday Life. Verso, 2018.
Sraders, Anne. “Venmo vs. PayPal: What’s the Difference in 2019?” TheStreet, 7 Apr. 2019, www.thestreet.com/technology/venmo-vs-paypal-14916417.
Ivancsics, Bernat. “Blockchain in Journalism.” Columbia Journalism Review, www.cjr.org/tow_center_reports/blockchain-in-journalism.php.
Horner, Bruce, et al. Economies of Writing: Revaluations in Rhetoric and Composition. Utah State University Press, 2017.
Welch, Chris. “Venmo Is Officially Launching Its Physical Debit Card.” The Verge, The Verge, 25 June 2018, www.theverge.com/2018/6/25/17501074/venmo-debit-card-mastercard-now-available.
In a world where technology is important and more of our lives are being integrated with technology. A common concern seems to be that our generation seems to become more reliant on technology. But the most important question we must ask ourselves is, “Is this a good or bad thing that technology is taking over, will it affect our possible outcomes towards our future jobs?”. While it seems to be the most controversial topic of our privacy being unprotected, we must also consider how this technology may aid us in the future or hurt us in the end. I’m interested in both sides of this topic, especially from how often the news seems to debate over the possibility of us loosing jobs.
According to a Forbes article ” Technology has already taken over 90% of the jobs humans used to have.”(Luck). In fact, NASA used to employ human computers to calculate flight trajectories that helped get our spaceships into the sky. Today the aggregate computing power of human computing from that era is dwarfed by the device sitting in your pocket. However, NASA isn’t the only ones slowly replacing out human workers with machinery, in fact most grocery stores cut down on employees with the use of self-checkouts instead of hiring more cashiers. The same goes with a few fast food chains such as McDonald’s where there are also self-checkout like machines where costumers can order their own meal with minimal interaction with the workers at the front. While most people argue that technology is taking over our jobs, it is only replacing at most a quarter of human employees jobs. Most of the technology used by AI systems still need to be programmed by people. So although these robots may be taking over jobs, we’re also creating jobs by providing more technology. More innovated ideas to help others around us, as well as there are just some jobs that are too complex to be done by machinery in our present time. Boston Dynamics is famous for their many prototypes of their Spot, a dog like robotic that is built to not be kicked down and to carry things on all types of different terrains. Point being is, although everything seems like technology is taking over everything, we still have a long time before it could get to that.
Technology is expanding and so is it’s marketed demand for jobs. Personally, the most common problem I could think of was the job scare in 2008, where many people where getting fired due to the economy. I think most people have the same fear as we start relying more and more on technology. They’re scared that many of the common jobs we have are getting taken away due to the creation of robotics and basic technology. While there are so many different articles that argue either technology is helping or we will end up being more of a dystopian society. Like many of the popular Sci-fi movies that show a broken society. A great popular Disney movie Wall-E displays this fear that common people have when it comes to our future. In Wall-E, we see an example of humans being too reliant on technology and eventually they come against technology and start over . However, there’s also argument that plenty of technology that aid human’s for the better, plenty of artificial intelligence items that are built to help people with disabilities. “Voice assistance, self-driving cars…” (Wiggers) items like this can help people who might have had difficulty or might not have been able to travel to the places they wanted originally.
While I’m interested in how technology can destroy or create new job industries in the market. This can also boost our economical state, with more inventions and technological creations we’ll have more use for the different uses and aid for humans. It’s beneficial to create a more inclusive environment in the future for everyone to be existing in. With the invention of self-driving cars more people can be on the road and explore different parts of new places that maybe they weren’t able to reach beforehand. I think it’s also possible for there to be some concern. Mainly because self driving cars also have a bad wrap for the possibility of being hacked. The first kind of self driving cars had this exact issue. However, most of this can be changed, with prototyping and testing often. Fast food chains and supermarkets have already created self checkout stations where there’s minimal interaction with cashiers, as mentioned before. But, also there’s medical fields that are using technology to create surgical robots, like VR assisting eye training surgeons. (Loftus). I believe it’ll be less apocalyptic once more technology comes out, we’re most likely to see technology and humans working along side with each other. Even then most of the technology created has to be done by engineers and other programmers to begin with. Therefore, we’ll see less of these fears play out.
As mentioned before technology improves communications, and knowledge. We’re seeing an increase in STEM majors (Peller), majors in these fields have skyrocketed the past few years, and continues to grow. So even though technologies are taking a quarter of our work, it’s also creating new work for our generation of undergraduate and graduates in these STEM fields. With the increase of technology we have more uses for wearable technology as well, new smartphones link up to smartwatches, with that more possibilities open up for creators and inventors as well.
Having different implementations of communications, also connecting all of us together through the medium of the internet. While Bolter and Grusin’s article suggest that new media and old media influences how we understand each other. We can see how that is really true, although the evolutions of phones would be an example. We slowly transitions through direct messaging throughout our social media apps. Originally back in the day, we had the transferring of messages or letters through mail. The mail would be carried on horseback and take a long time for messages to be received from on another. Eventually we moved on to our mail transferring through mail trucks, overseas, or through planes. While now we see direct messaging or texting mimicking the same concepts but even faster. Messages are quickly received to one another, without having to wait a long time. Participants in chatting won’t have to wait for the weather to be better to receive their messages. And much like letters we have ways of emailing which is just quite literally electric mail. So we can see how the evolution of mail has evolved through the use of technology and how it mimics in the same way. Although these are less technologically based and more physical, these apps for us to talk to each other wouldn’t be possible without technology and the people behind it.
Although knowledge is commonly known to be at our fingertip it also empowers us with information, though us as consumers must understand that there are fake news and real news. We need to understand how to differentiate between the two. But technology also allows us to be closer and connected because of communication. Though there are so many statistical analysis about what may happen when technology takes over, we’ll never know until it happens. So we must just be cautious of our understanding of technology. The more people who understand technology and basic coding, the less people will assume that ALL jobs will be taken over.
Resources:
Luck, Gleen. “Technology Has Already Taken Over 90% Of The Jobs Humans Used To Do.” Forbes, Forbes Magazine, 18 Jan. 2018, www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2018/01/18/technology-has-already-taken-over-90-of-the-jobs-humans-used-to-do/#3bd0f2201bdd.
O’Brien, Matt. “Will Robots Take Your Job? Quarter of US Workers at Risk.” ABC News, ABC News Network, 2019, abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/chefs-truck-drivers-beware-ai-coming-jobs-60586948.
Service, Indo-Asian News. “Can Artificial Intelligence Take Away Your Job? Probably Not.” India Today, India Today, 19 Feb. 2019, www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/can-artificial-intelligence-take-away-your-job-probably-not-1459601-2019-02-19.
https://www.bostondynamics.com/spot
Wiggers, Kyle. “Here Are the Ways AI Is Helping to Improve Accessibility.” VentureBeat, VentureBeat, 29 Oct. 2018, venturebeat.com/2018/05/17/here-are-the-ways-ai-is-helping-to-improve-accessibility/.
Loftus, Tom. “The Morning Download: Genentech’s VR Effort Focuses on Training Eye Surgeons.” The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, 7 Feb. 2019, blogs.wsj.com/cio/2019/02/07/the-morning-download-genentechs-vr-effort-focuses-on-training-eye-surgeons/.
Peller, Lauren, et al. “Officials Continue to Push Science Agenda as STEM Majors Soar.” The GW Hatchet, Https://Www.gwhatchet.com, 4 Mar. 2019, www.gwhatchet.com/2019/03/04/officials-continue-to-push-science-agenda-as-stem-majors-soar/.
Understanding Technology: Where does it come from, where does it go?
As we evolve in our digital age, more often than not, we start to question: is it all worth it? Our dependency on technology becomes more evident throughout the generations. As more children start to understand how to work technology at just the age of three, it can be terrifying to imagine what our future may hold. However, understanding where all this data collected from our technological devices is just as important as understanding how it works and functions.
“No single term-such as “literacy” -can support the weight of the shifting, contingent activities we have been describing. ” Anne Frances Wysocki and Johndan Johnson-Eilola in their article mentions how digital literacy is a broad spectrum. In fact, they go into how literacy is just a big umbrella term, we see literacy attached behind every term we know whether it is digital, technological, or computer literacy. Though literacy is often associated with books instead and we often times don’t link the two together as one component. They bring up the point that now we are changing to having to understand not just physical books, but literacy can be seen in other ways and forms as well.
Questioning what is defined as literacy, while it’s easy for us to realize that this is happening we also need to question the reality of it. Ideas such as how should literacy in the technological world should be built? If it should be based on “decision-making powers” because it is up to us on how we use our information. Whether or not everyone should understand technology in it’s entirety or just know technology in it’s base-level surface. We as the consumers must first understand what our own relationship with technology should be. Meanwhile, There is an effort to link technology and literacy together. But, is it the right approach to doing so, always seems to be the debate across all platforms. Each time digital literacy is mentioned there’s also the question of whether or not the idea of linking the understanding of technology is safe for consumers.
Many of these assumptions and fears of technology can be linked towards Metadata, “Metadata is the central to how [maps, signs, dashboards, web searches, etc.] operate… for most of us, it would be undesirable to have access to the full complexity of a banking system or telephone network”. From this quote, we understand that there is a middle ground between the information of Metadata and how it’s presented to the user. As users we don’t need to have access to the entire library of metadata, rather we need to understand what is used with a simple UI (User Interface). While most users wouldn’t understand the behind the scenes of all the information we witness and use. “…we barely understand anything about [a series of complex technological systems]… neither how they work, nor where they come from, nor why they take the forms the do.”(Radical Technology) Like before in the quotation for Metadata it’s easy to see how most users don’t really have access to the understanding of how most technology or networking systems. It seems that we as users are often just taking technology for granted and just understanding how to operate them on the front end level. Unless people really understand the other ways of technology we just function without questioning how everything works. While some people may take interest to working with metadata, such as coders and other people alike. We really need to understand how our information is being used or we’ll never really know.
As a user of technology myself, I didn’t even think to question the middle ground of literacy. And even in our generation I think it’s important to question how everything works and functions. Especially where our data is going and when it’s being used. All readings lead to the question to: “Would we see more understanding in the complex middle ground of digital literacy more in the future to protect ourselves?”. Surely understanding the transportation in between would create more of an awareness to what goes on in between not just understanding the beginnings and where our information ends up. The common theme between all the readings is that we just don’t have enough information to know as the general public unless we know how everything truly works on it. We are just oblivious unless we put more research into it, whether this is through learning at school or just from self-taught research.
Proficiency in understanding metadata is important and to know what companies do to our privacy online is just as important as anything else. The best examples of these are social media and the world wide web itself. Many may not know but our data is best collected when it comes to social media. The most famous company that partakes in this would easily be Facebook and Instagram since now they are joint companies. Facebook had plenty of allegations of misuse in users information, in fact, now users are able to download their own Facebook information. This download includes what companies are interested in you and what your interest spark in similar companies or music bands. The misuse of our own personal data to also skew our political views making politics more messy than it already is.
To connect these ideas to the past of how I learned digital technology would be coding. Coding is a great example of digital literacy, because it is no longer surprising for girls to understand coding. Before when my parents were growing up, it wasn’t often that women would be working in the computer industry. Much of coding also works with plenty of metadata, and with the internet at our hands, there are plenty of it. With our generation growing up simple coding is already available for us to use and understand. There are a vast amount of tutorials on the internet as well as video tutorials through Youtube. STEAM majors are starting to become more common among, not just young boys but also girls. We see an extension of summer camps that teach you basic coding needs, whether it’s coding a simple game, or robotics. When I started learning how to code it was around when I was 12, I started off editing HTML/CSS, when Tumblr was popular and editing my own blog page. From there in high school I learned the different types of languages, starting off with Javascript. My knowledge towards coding slowly expanded over the years and now I am proficient in HTML, Javascript, C and C++. As it continues to grow, I can also watch my brother who is 7 years younger than me grow in coding as well. When he was 6 he already knew how to program basic robotics making a robot go up or down.
So in theory, understanding digital literacy, our own metadata and how technology works is definitely needed. We find problems with targeted ads towards people because of how our data is leaked to companies. The more people are aware of these, the more companies would need to cater to all the need of a consumer. There needs to be a balance in understanding the back-end of everything as well as the front-end.
I chose the format of using an info-graphic because I enjoyed the customization of designing my own info-graphic. It”s an easier way to convey information because I still am not well versed in audio and video creations. Plus an info-graphic creates a visual pleasing way to display all my ideas onto one easy to read poster. I had wanted a way for the eye to move around so to do so I created arrows that pointed from one topic to the next. The arrows help guide the eye in the direction that I wanted the viewer to read it in, as well as it helps show the hierarchy in the definitions that I had created.
I truly believe that these are the main concepts when thinking about digital inclusion. There are many ways and activities for digital inclusion to come about. And I feel like as a student and a citizen it is important to recognize these differences. Although when I first thought of digital inclusion I had thought of it as “technology is dependent on a geological and social aspects in many ways” I now understand that there is much more to this umbrella term of digital inclusion. Although, yes, there are geological and social aspect to the term, the people who make up the internet are also important. Understanding the importance of having a voice in media can change a way of how a place is viewed as well. So instead of digital inclusion being focused on only two aspects I’ve learned throughout class that there are many of other aspects that are involved in the term digital inclusion.
Normally I’m very bad at video games so I shy away from them. But after hearing about what the game “Never Alone” was about it had interested me into buying it and trying it out for myself. I’ll admit, the first 15 minutes of playing it was not a fun time because it’s difficult to navigate two players with barely an experience on PC gaming. But slowly I started getting used to the game. I love the character design and the development of the story as it goes on.
The concept art between the story and the three dimensional game was so enjoyable because you can really tell the developers had spent the time and effort to trying to make the artwork seem like it’d be something you witness on the wall of a cave. The elderly that voices over the story just adds another touch to why this game is successful in my opinion. Not only do they include the language but the story is nicely integrated into the game so it doesn’t feel forced.
The game also has a clever way of embedding video stories of actual people to relate to the chapter of the game. Every time the owl would show up there’d be another clip, and you can really tell how the developers incorporated these actual stories into the development of each level in the game. It’s incredible to listen and watch the videos, cause often times we don’t connect video games to real life.
I feel like this could be a great start to something, and maybe helping people in understanding how certain cultures are so we don’t blanket stereotype certain aspects of culture for people. But, honestly I enjoy the aesthetics of the artwork in this game and how well everything had been integrated. Mostly cause sometimes when people try and make educational video games they aren’t putting in all the time and effort to really understand or get to know a culture, they’ll just create it and hope that people will enjoy it.
It was interesting getting so much data from all 25 people. The results that had came from everyone did align with many of the different readings we had throughout the week. Although many people enjoy the usage of social media, they were all saying how the usage of location services, and companies catering towards their interest in advertising was rather creepy. Many of the survey answers replied that yes, sometimes location services and social media can be useful. In examples of finding kidnapped people, or who got married. They still felt that if they didn’t need social media to connect with their family they would surprisingly leave. When I questioned why they hadn’t already left, they said their family would loose contact with them. So the findings did align with the information, but some information didn’t align, the only reason to this is probably because my sample size was college students. So some either took my survey seriously or they had not.
I had originally used a word cloud because I thought that was the easiest way to present all the topics we had learned over time. I wanted to focus on the idea of week 7 of how mobile devices make global networks. That had inspired me to choose the word cloud shape to be the globe. Because in many of the articles we had read, sometimes a place wouldn’t be able to afford technology, or their culture didn’t accept technology advancements. So even though we claim the internet is a growing environment we still see other places that aren’t growing or willing to grow. I made the changes to a white background so that the words would stand out more.
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The fourth item I chose was my dad’s old Nikon film camera. I always thought it was cool that we still had it around and it had inspired me to get more into photography. My parents eventually gifted me a digital camera and I a took photography class. Having a camera has let me explore being able to take a photo and creatively manipulate it for different projects. I think photography will stay with me because I love using photography to document trips and create new projects.
The last item I chose was my water bottle. I never leave the house without it. I used to carry around it with me everywhere on campus when walking from class to class. Health is important to me and having a water bottle with me reminds me that I need to drink water throughout the day. I’ll continue to use this water bottle probably even after college, since it also represents the college that I’m from.
Questioning what is defined as literacy, while it’s easy for us to realize that this is happening we also need to question the reality of it. Ideas such as how should literacy in the technological world should be built? If it should be based on “decision-making powers” because it is up to us on how we use our information. Whether or not everyone should understand technology in it’s entirety or just know technology in it’s base-level surface. We as the consumers must first understand what our own relationship with technology should be. Meanwhile, There is an effort to link technology and literacy together. But, is it the right approach to doing so, always seems to be the debate across all platforms. Each time digital literacy is mentioned there’s also the question of whether or not the idea of linking the understanding of technology is safe for consumers.
